INDIAN SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE (SEZ), THEORY, STITCH IN TIME
INDIAN SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE (SEZ) CONCEPT - A STITCH DURING
Prof. AC Shukla
(e-mail: shuklaac@indiatimes.com)
Introduction:
economy of India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. The export contribution to growth is the backbone of Indian economy. Strengthening exports, India was one of the first Asian countries recognize effectiveness model of export-processing zone (EPZ). In order to ensure the colors to his dream, the first EPZ in Asia was set up in Kandla (India) in 1965. After a few years China has made in experiments on special economic zones (SEZs), and began a tour of their experiences SEZ in 1979-1980. He was a great influence in the economy Chinies and the closed economy model (at the time), he registered 25.97 billion yuan (about 3.13 billion of U.S. dollars) in gross domestic product (GDP) in the first six months of the year 2008-09, from the Hainan contributon Special prowincjiNajwiększy China
conomic zone (SEZ).(Source - Http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/200107/31/eng20010731_76176.html)
Therefore, to increase exports in an open economy, the Government of India announced the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) policy in April 2000. This policy aims to increase the SSE engine for economic growth supported by quality infrastructure complemented by an attractive fiscal package, both at the State, with the minimum possible regulations and the Centre. Effect of SSE was very responsible, and exports increased substantially.
Currently 1,943 units are in operation in the SEZ. In the SEZs established prior to the entry into force of the act there 1143 units providing direct employment to more than 1.97 rupees thousand people, approximately 37% of whom are women. Private investment by entrepreneurs in these SEZs established prior to SEZ Act is of the order of Rs. 5626.24 scam.
current scenario:
SSE provide good infrastructure and the cost of the brand is "
effective for applications to set the production unit. The environment is conducive to the timely production of exported goods and manufacturers receiving exemptions from payment of excise duty and income tax. Moreover, the SEZ to enable producers to be more rapid clearances from different departments government. Producers in the SEZ may also be able to use the facilities for rest and analysis of preferential rates.Currently 1,016 units are in operation in the SEZs, providing direct employment to more than 3.49 rupees thousand people, about 40 percent of whom are women. Private investment by entrepreneurs in the SEZs established prior to SEZ Act is of the order of Rs. 81,000 scam. In the 63 notified SEZs which have come after February 10, 2006, to invest Rs. 13.435 crore has already been made in less than one year.
Visible gains on SEZ:
Direct employment in the special
economic zones (Source: http://www.sezindia.nic.in/HTMLS/visiblegains-sez.html)
Overall, employment in SEZs: 3,49,203 rupees thousand persons, including the incremental employment generated in SEZs since February 2006: 2 , 14.499 people
Peel:
(A) the direct employment created in notified SEZs (from 06/30/2008):
100,885 people (all Incremental Employment generated after February 2006)
(B) direct employment in the SEZ government statement / State, which entered into force prior to SEZ Act, 2005 (as 6/30/2008):
48,988 persons (Incremental employment generated since February. 2006: 36.250 persons)
DIRECT jobs in 7 SEZs established by the central government (as 6/30/2008)1,99,330 persons (Incremental employment generated since Feb. 2006: 77.094 persons)
Private Investment in special economic zones
(Source: http://www.sezindia.nic.in/HTMLS/visiblegains-sez.html)
Total investment in Special Economic Zones as of 30.6.
2008: Rs. 81093Incremental investment scam since February 2006: Rs. 77,058 scam
Investment in SEZs notified (of 06/30/2008)
RS. 73 348 scam (all incremental employment generated after February 2006))
Investment in SEZs government statement / State, which entered into force prior to SEZ Act, 2005 (as 6/30/2008)
R. scam 3701.91 (incremental investment generated since Feb. 2006 is Rs. 1946 scam)
Investments in 7 SEZs established by the central government (as 30.06.2008.)
R. scam 4043.28 (incremental investment generated since Feb. 2006 is Rs. 1764.08 scam)
Exports of special economic zones
(Source: http:/ / www.sezindia.nic.in / HTMLs / visiblegains-sez.html)
Physical exports in 2007-08 accounted for 84% of the total turnover of the SEZ
381% increase in exports over four years (2003-04, "2007-08)
Year
value of physical exports from SEZs (scam R.)
growth rate (last year)
2003-2004
13.854 39%2004-2005 18.314 32% 22.840
2005-2006 24.70% 2006-2007
34.615 52% 66.638
2007-2008 92%
Tax and other incentives offered to the SEZ as a recurring cycle Epces no. 39, dated 28-2-2007, issued by Export Promotion Council for EOU scheme and amp; SEZ UNITS (Ministry of Trade and amp; Industry, Government of India)
SEZ units are provided income tax exemption in section 10aa of the Income Tax, as specified in Schedule 2 of the Act SSE, 2005. Section 10aa Income Tax, as specified in Schedule 2 of the Act SSE, 2005 was amended by Finance Bill, 2007. Finance Bill, 2007,
Accordingly, provided tax benefits only for new units in special economic zones 10aa sections of the Income Tax Act, provides that in computing the total income of the entrepreneur, with his unit in special economic zone, the following deductions are allowed
"(i) One hundred percent. profits and gains derived from export operations carried out in qualifying for a period of five years following the assessment beginning on or after the year in which they begin these activities;
(ii) fifty percent. such profits and gains for further five assessment years and thereafter;
(iii) a sum not exceeding fifty per cent gain in profit and loss for the previous year for which a deduction is allowed and credited to reserve account created and used for the purposes of the certain way, for the next five years following the assessment
Based on these regulations, s 10aa Income Tax recommend the following formula for the calculation of such benefits tax: Profit
SEZ units x export turnover of SEZ unit
----------------------- -------------------------------------------------
Total turnoveractivity Assessee let
Case (a): Mr.
. Entrepreneur is having three production units. A unit-established in the SEZ, units two and three units are located in the DTA (domestic tariff area). Data on profit and turnover of the three units are as follows:
Year (2008-09) units, "a (SEZ) units, "two (DTA) units," three (DTA)
Net income Rs. 122.50 lakhs Rs. 80.70 lakhs Rs. 92.60 lakhs
export turnover of Rs. 630.00 lakhs
zero zero zero DTATurnover Rs. 340.00 lakhs 365.00 lakhs R.
Calculate tax: Exempt
profit = profit x unit of SEZ export turnover of the SEZ unit
----------------------- ----------------------------------------------
Total turnover activities by the Assessee
= 122.50 x 630.00
---------------------------
(630 + 340 + 365) =
R. 57.81 lakhs (47.19%)
Case
let (two)
MS. Lady is smart, having only one generation unit in the SEZ. Data on profit and trading units are as follows: Year
units (2008-09), "one (SSE)
Net income Rs. 122.50 lakhs
Export Turnover Rs. 630.00 lakhs
Turnover DTA zero
Total turnover of Rs. 630.00 lakhs
Calculate tax: Exempt
profit = profit x unit of SEZ export turnover of the SEZ unit
------------------------ --------------------------------------------- Total
Business turnover
Assessee= 122.50 x 630.00
---------------------------
630
= R. 122.50 lakhs (100 %)
Critical analysis of the two cases:
Section 10aa 1961 Law on the Indian income tax exemption allows for the export profits of units located in special economic zones (SEZ) as the benefits, export earnings required to be calculated for exemption, the total turnover of assessee reference. This resulted in discriminatory treatment of individuals is estimated to have both the SEZ and domestic tariff area (DTA), compression of the estimated with units located in SEZs only.
valuable suggestions:
India is one of the fastest growing economy in the world. The concept of SEZ is the main pillar of economic
structure. So far, SSE have provided job opportunities, have contributed to foreign exchange reserves, developed infrastructure, etc. In the future, it is desirable to more fiscal stimulus and fiscal developers, as well as businesses, tax incentives and subsidies, provide a rational basis. Continuous planning and execution of plans, periodic review and evaluation of plans are required to further strengthen. Overall, the cooperation and dedicated services are required from the merchant-exporters and exporters, manufacturers, businesses and industry as partners of government in achieving its goals and objectivesIn order to prevent the possible need for judicial process and nurture an atmosphere of constructive and supportive, appropriate mechanism should be established Redressal complaint, hopefully which, reduce litigation and further, to create a healthy atmosphere among developers, entrepreneurs and government
Proposal
SSE can provide a general framework for the development of automated systems that offer a comprehensive approach and tools to help developers and entrepreneurs to establish their own standard plants in less time and lower costsTo overcome the shortcomings experienced due to the abundance of controls and clearances, lack of affordable infrastructure and fragile fiscal systems, and in order to attract greater investment India's foreign, continue to study the international scenario of having no idea how to do it now, and suggest a form of time and in light of suggestions from individuals and participation of the entrepreneur and the government should review and update its policies not only to maintain its share of development, but also to increase it in order to control and develop the country as a whole.
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