Challenges American Muslim women by Samer Hathout
challenges facing American Muslim women by Samer Hathout
Booked by Hasan A. Yahya, Professor SociologyIt is rare to find a balanced article is the Muslim women in the U.S. in terms of race, or the ratio of assimilation theories, but I wrote a few articles about women in articlesbase, to present patterns of marriage, honor killing, polygamy and wife of the prophet poliginy and defending Islam and Muslims to give a new light on old as the Islamic religion and way of life. I also contributed to the recent youtube rebottling Orientalczyków some views on Mohammad and his marriages. I found this article unions said my words. So I downloaded give an opportunity to enhance learning and understanding.
Muslim women in America often face discrimination from their own Muslim community. Discrimination by Muslims primarily due to ignorance about Islam and imports cultural attitudes that demean women. Islam is often interpreted in a manner that is
sexist and not true to true equality in the Quran Teachings: a model of the Prophet Muhammad. Samer Hathout is a young sociologist Muslim who understands Islam and social theory in terms of race relations and the position of minorities in development as well as in advanced countries. I will leave here for readers to read the article and in particular the outstanding reportedly smart, which I believe will shed light on Islam and Muslims in general and Muslim women. Share with her own thoughts and we're both on the same Cancelli because of the need to understand the battles of Muslim women was wrong. This article comes from France, the woman covered her head with a scarf, was questioned in the French Parliament and accused of breaking the Constitution, which was made hundreds of years for men who used to cover their heads with hats. Confusion in the Muslim elders to use hijab needs more articles that allow a clear understanding between kulturami.W reality in my book: Crescentology, management theory C. conflicts and cultural standardization (2008) and emphasized knowledge is an essential component of my theory, where the understanding, appreciation and then exposing and live in peace. In this article, (even thought out in the September 7, 1995 at an international conference convened in China), is still relevant today after the shooting by Major Nidal Hasan Malik, what happened to the American Muslim Arab), I believe, is one of the cornerstones of knowledge and understanding . This article was originally published on: http://www.islamfortoday.com/americanmuslimwomen.htm (Hasan A. Yahya)Samer Hathout In this article I intend to discuss the challenges facing American Muslim women. As a minority in the United States, Muslims face many challenges. First of all, it is ignorance about Islam. Ignorance leads to stereotyping, fear, and Distrust. Acts of a few Muslim extremists are assigned to all
Muslims. Muslim American citizens loyal to the United States is being challenged. We DEHUMANIZED prey and thus easy for prejudice. For example, last April, the Federal building in Oklahoma City was bombed. This is probably the most devastating terrorist act occurs on U.S. soil. Several hundred people were killed, hundreds were injured. He was particularly brutal because it was a day care center on one of the bottom floor of the building. The report came out bombing, the first suspects were Muslims. As soon as the building was bombed, the news said: "Arab-looking people were seen leaving the area" Basically for the next twenty-four hours we standing harassment, we have been threatened, and our lives a lot has been put in jeopardy. Muslim schools had to be closed and individual Muslims have been detained and harassed to provide an opinion, even physically attacked. It was not until the next day, when it turned out to be the minority white collar people who made it, we could breathe a sigh sortowaniaz relief that our lives were not threatened, and we were finally able to mourn the victims of this bomb. Other risks arising from the American ignorance of Islam is an omnibus anti-terrorism legislation, which Clinton has proposed that unfairly targets Muslims as wide roznosicieli terrorism.Despite several generations this country - quite the history of Muslims in the United States - we are still perceived as foreigners, we are still seen as a people to destroy the United States, and when we try to define ourselves, our voices are muted. When mainstream Muslims are given rare opportunity to explain Islam, we are told that, as moderate Muslims are a minority and that most Muslims are indeed violent extremists. This image of Muslims as violent extremists is perpetuated by the media, which chooses to report mainly negative images of Islam and Muslims. This image is intensified by the profound ignorance of the average American
about Muslims and Islam. This ignorance, unfortunately, starts at a very early age - in schools, textbooks are biased and a lot of erroneous information. And, as do all the minorities, American Muslims must struggle to ensure that our civil liberties are not Trampled after. Our achievements are counted as part of American pluralism, while maintaining our identity as Muslims, are often rebuffed and misunderstood. We are told by some Muslims and non Muslims, we can choose between the Muslims and Americans. Among Muslims - who range from every culture on earth, as we saw in the conference - American culture is perceived as unfair nature of anti-Islamic, and to try a little and understand American culture, Muslims, Muslims from the Arab side, Asia, Africa, or any other ethnicity. Among non-Muslims because the U.S. was founded based on separation of church and the State, the presence of any group in the political arena religijnena is displayed with suspicion. As Muslims, we can make that burden, but we also have an additional burden on ignorance about Islam. Our continuing efforts to define us as American Muslims is in fact very difficult to jihad.Muslim women in America
As women in the U.S. we often discrimination based on gender. While this discrimination may not be as visible as in other parts of the world, or it may take many forms, However, there is in America. Women often do not achieve their highest potential in career or education and the media constantly presents women as sex objects and nothing more. Wages American women are still, dollar for dollar, less than adequate remuneration for their males. Women who work to earn a living still have primary responsibility for taking care of home and family with little domestic support from their husbands. Women in the position of influence in the United States are few and far between
. Recently we had a meltdown in the affirmative action, and that only our present struggles for equality more important.American Muslim women face many unique additional hurdles. We can not be discriminated against by the Muslims and Muslims in America. For instance, a woman who wears hijab, which is the traditional head covering, is often taunted at work and on the street, and lots of career women are actually at risk - they are discriminated against at work and they are not given jobs. And women who wear hijab in the United States are obvious targets - are, of course, Muslims, and therefore they bear the brunt of ignorance of Islam; face harassment sexual, and often their actual physical safety is at risk.
Muslims come from different backgrounds. In America we have a Muslim immigrants, who face a myriad of problems such as xenophobia. In the United States in recent times, there has been a growing hostility toward immigrants, and
they are often wrongly blamed for all socio-economic problems that we face in the United States and provide an opinion because they are persecuted. And we have a large African-American Muslim population, and must bear additional hurdles because it is part of a racial minority in the United States had to deal with the problems of racism, discrimination, segregation, and continued slavery. Adding religious discrimination and gender discrimination, and are some of the challenges that usually occur.But in addition, Muslim women often face discrimination from their own Muslim community. Discrimination by Muslims primarily due to ignorance about Islam and the importation of cultural attitudes that demean women. Islam is often interpreted as sexist and not true to true Teachings of equality in the Qur'an: and the model provided by the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. Qur'an: and Hadith (Prophet Teachings of Muhammad) are
of context and used to justify certain behavior.Because Muslims are a minority in the United States attempts to show a positive image of Islam, the true picture of the Teachings of Islam, Muslims in America are often reluctant to problems encountered by Muslim women in the fear that enemies of Islam use this information to us. But the ironic part is that all knowledge of the problems we face, and everyone knows that we are not only those addressing them. And unfortunately the media is quick to inform us and other more serious forms of abuse or discrimination against Muslim women face. And we hope to achieve in this presentation is to recognize some of the problems that we, as American Muslim women face and to make the voice of our sisters who have suffered wrongly in the name of Islam. Asif later examine the possibility that we, as Americans try to resolve these problems. Case studies
Some of the major problems that we
U.S. Muslim women include: domestic violence, stop abuse of the right to divorce and child abuse of polygamy and isolation and exclusion of various aspects of Muslim life. We want to give a few anecdotal cases, simply to illustrate the depth of the problems. We may have given women in the names of the stories making the flow more respect, but have changed their identity and confidentiality is protected. Threads are provided merely to illustrate and give life to the specific suffering of American Muslim women today. These are true stories, they are real women who have suffered. These topics have been compiled by talking to the leaders of the Muslim community, social workers, psychologists, lawyers, doctors, mainly in Southern California, but throughout the United States. We also obtained information from the things named Sistersnet, which is a network of e-mails of Muslim women throughout the United States and other countries. But unfortunately, there is no database, no exact information that exists about the frequency of any of these abuses that occur. Further examination of these issues Desperately required to properly resolve these issues. And while these cases may have a majority of American Muslim women are serious problems that must be addressed.Now the story of Mariam is as follows.
Mariam Mariam married a man named Ali. They were married for several years. Throughout this marriage, Mariam Ali abused. His abuse was verbal and physical. Mariam was often beaten by her husband. When Mariam try to speak with her local leader Muslim communities, it made an impression that the abuse was her resilience: if you were a better wife, Ali will not have to beat her. Also, it was said not to discuss her marital problems with others, and that it was important for her to stay married at all load to maintain the family. And Ali will quote the Koran: and Hadith to justify their abuses
. And so Mariam is told by her local Muslim leader that the abuse was justified, she had, the Qur'an: and the Hadith quoted in the face to justify it, she thought it was justified. She was abused for years. And finally, she couldnt stand it any longer. Boat feared for his life, left. She left her home, she left her husband and sought refuge in a local (not Muslim), battered women's shelter, and there received the support that she needed to put her life back together. Ali was convicted in a U.S. Court for spousal battery. When Mariam, appeared on the functions of the Muslim, it was Rome, the Muslim community wanted nothing to do with it. The ship was seen as a woman who left her husband for no reason. Ali, on the other hand, when he went to a function Muslim, was seen as a victim of broken marriages, as a victim of the American criminal justice system. He was greeted by the Muslim Community of arms. Mariam found no support from the Muslim Community. Continued przejdźagencjom-Muslim support, and she eventually stopped participating Muslim features.Mariam's story, unfortunately, is not unusual, one in the United States. Victims of domestic violence have little support from the Muslim community and support they receive, while the intentions are often diffuse and ineffectual. The lives of victims of domestic violence are often in danger, and their only recourse is to include non-Muslim organizations who are prepared to this issue - which is also a pressing issue in the larger American society as well. Yes we are the problems of domestic violence. The story of the marriage of Khadija and Fatima shows the abuse of polygamy in Islam.
Marriage Khadija and Fatima
wife Khadija Omar Marriage under the law of the United States and the State where he lived and Islamic law. Omar then took a second wife, Fatima. But Omar and Fatima can not get married Spojených statue, because he was already married married Khadija, and polygamy
illegal in the United States. Yes, Fatima Omar married the - presumed - the Islamic tradition, which simply contains a proposal of marriage and the adoption of this proposal in front of witnesses. Fatima, the second wife, who was a Convert to Islam, Islam is taught mainly from Omar and was convinced her that they do not have to be married Spojených statu - Islam would be enough to protect its rights. And while this is true in the sense of theoretical in the United States, we have no frame to override that.Omar had children by both his wives - married his first wife Khadija and his second wife, Fatima. Both marriages failed. Married Khadija and Omar - first marriage - divorced. Omar refused to pay any support married Khadija, or their children through this marriage. But the marriage of Khadija Omar may take to the Court of the U.S. and get support and child maintenance. Omar now handled under Islamic law to perform these activities, but he refused and as a religious minority in the United States is not living in the Islamic state, had married Khadija
no recourse other than the laws of the United States. But luckily married Khadija was married to Omar Spojených statue and can take it to the Court.Fatima, on the other hand - when Fatima and Omar divorced - you can not do it because it was not legally married in the eyes of U.S. courts. Yes, Omar shirked their duties in accordance with Islamic law - apparently her anything, do not give children anything even though he had assured her, before marriage, it will be. Fatima I can not make U.S. law because they were not legally married. Fatima was not able to get financial support from Omar, because there was no legal authority to perform the essential Omar Islamic law.
And then the topic Iman. While the situation is not as physically or financially significant, it is still very emotionally damaging, and it is very common.
Iman Iman is a student at the University. She is very active in the student government on campus. She was formed coalitions with other student groups
They do work and relief for Bosnia, Palestine, Chechnya and other causes. She's on the student senate of the University, after him. He wants to organize a similar relief efforts in the mosque, a local Muslim communities and other mosques in the area so that it may reach a larger Muslim populations. I want to announce the information on the walls and leaflets in the Mosque. But she can not get into the men's section. It can only disseminate information to women, many of whom do not come to this mosque, because the objects are less than appropriate or desirable. Iman does not have a brother father or husband to have access to the male side of it when it is needed to obtain information to Muslims. Occasionally it is men approached her to ask for help. Many of them Ignore it and leave, but occasionally, men had to help her in the recording of such information and leaflets on the walls. But it is difficult, because the next time she goes, she can not find the same man, she has to go through the same thing again and she gets really upset.She can not make any announcements about the work of the mosque that it is doing. He wants to create the advertisement after the Friday prayer, but it is She said she can not because she is a woman. She is getting fed up and want change. The elections come at the mosque, and he wants to run for the board because it is a great way to get involved and make changes. However, it is said she can not run for the Board because she is a woman. However, it is said she join the Committee of Women and organize Eid carnivals for children and prepare for iftar (fast breakdown) during Ramadan. Iman, of course, is extremely upset. She's an activist. No work, that it is doing. So it's no longer going to mosque because he knows that it can no more human-rights groups, Muslim in its university.
As shown by the Iman's story, the Muslim American women are regularly excluded from leadership positions
in our mosques and Islamic centers our. We can can participate only in certain areas - preparation Packed Lunches, organizing Eid celebrations, and events of this sort. Women are absent from educational or spiritual roles, unless they are teaching other women and children. Women in the Islamic knowledge and experience are not allowed to explain the Quran: the Assembly, nor gives lessons in the Shariah. Gender segregation is imposed in most American mosques and results in unfair and unequal access to space and amenities. Women are often placed in areas of poor or lack of sound systems in general, or noisy makeshift child-care areas. They are attached to the back room next to the bathroom and where they are placed - even if it is a great port facility - they still can not interact with the speaker and ask questions and hear their voices. American Muslim women are not only excluded from positions of responsibility in our communities, but also even excluded the mosques completely. This exemption may be widocznegdzie we are told, "You can go to the mosque, the mosque is a male," or it can be subtle, where the facilities provided are so inadequate and the treatment we get is the memory so that no reasonable woman would be undone. No basis for this exclusion is all in the Teachings of Islam. It stems from the culture and traditions.and Muslim women also address other problems, many of the culturally or ethnically based, and which are not unique to Islam. There was so much cultural baggage, which came to the United States with different views of Muslims. And there are some of these other problems, such as unique to Muslims: a general devaluation of women - can only be seen as "not as good" as men, the preference of sons daughters, women as a source of honor - and that is why shame - family, so in horrendous carry the burden of honor family, Marriage, which often leads to early pregnancy and usually the end of the educational opportunities for women, double standards that often
result in unequal access to education - particularly higher education, because women are not allowed to leave their homes or to travel very far to go to university.These abuses, which are mentioned are just a few of these Muslim women in America. Abuse of different degree and form. Again, we can raise these questions not because we hate Islam, not because we hate Muslims, but because we - as Muslims - have to cope with problems. It is not enough to say that Islam is the religion of the Grand. We have to prove it with our actions.
is increasingly to view Muslims in the United States - men and women - leave Islam because of the growing numbers of treatment of women. They see Muslims as offering any solutions to these problems and see that there are Muslims refuse these problems, and after a while it just becomes unbearable. Loading Muslims it is our responsibility to combat all forms of oppression, whatever form it by whatever means we can and we will not be visible to fight oppression include
If your company does not consider that there is.This address by Samer Hathout was delivered to a workshop organized by Muslim women League And Karamah: Muslim Women Lawyers for Human Rights NGO Forum, UN Fourth World Conference on Women Huairou, China, 7 September 1995 Samer Hathout
received a bachelor of sociology at UCLA and then studied law at the University of Southern California . She was very involved and served in the Hail Moot Court Honor by the program and received honorable mention for this program. Also received an award equal Justice Miller Johnson. He has completed two trips with women's Muslim League to Croatia to investigate the status of Bosnian refugees, particularly women, war refugees, and she interned at De Paul of international human rights law at the University Institute where she compiled data on the concentration camps used by the Court of war crimes for the former Yugoslavia. Samer worked as a crisis counselor
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